MD and MS notes, by specialty.

Anaesthesiology

Perioperative care, regional and general anaesthesia techniques, pain management, and critical care and resuscitation.

Anatomy

Gross anatomy, embryology, histology and neuroanatomy — a foundational pre-clinical subject.

Biochemistry

Metabolic pathways, clinical biochemistry, enzymology and molecular biology.

Community Medicine

Public health, epidemiology, biostatistics, preventive medicine and national health programmes.

Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy

Skin disorders, sexually transmitted infections, leprosy management and cosmetic dermatology.

Emergency Medicine

Acute care, trauma management, resuscitation protocols and emergency department workflows.

Family Medicine

Primary care across all age groups, chronic disease management and preventive care.

Forensic Medicine

Medico-legal examination, toxicology and autopsy procedures.

General Medicine

Internal medicine spanning cardiology, nephrology, endocrinology, gastroenterology and systemic disease management.

General Surgery

Abdominal, gastrointestinal, breast, endocrine and trauma surgery fundamentals.

Geriatric Medicine

Care of elderly patients, age-related disease management and rehabilitation.

Hospital Administration

Healthcare management, hospital operations, quality systems and policy.

Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion

Blood banking, transfusion medicine and immunohematology testing.

Maternal & Child Health

Maternal care, child health and reproductive health programmes.

Microbiology

Bacteriology, virology, parasitology, mycology and infection control.

Nuclear Medicine

Radioisotope imaging, PET/SPECT and therapeutic nuclear medicine.

Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Pregnancy care, childbirth, gynaecological disorders and reproductive health.

Ophthalmology

Medical and surgical management of eye disorders and vision-related conditions.

Orthopaedics

Musculoskeletal disorders, trauma, joint replacement and spine surgery.

Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)

Ear, nose, throat and head-and-neck surgery.

Paediatrics

Child health, neonatology, growth and development, and paediatric disease management.

Palliative Medicine

Symptom control and quality-of-life care for serious and life-limiting illness.

Pathology

Histopathology, cytopathology and laboratory diagnostics.

Pharmacology

Drug mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and therapeutics — a pre-clinical/para-clinical subject.

Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation medicine, physiotherapy oversight and disability management.

Physiology

How human body systems function — a foundational pre-clinical subject.

Psychiatry

Mental health disorders, psychotherapy and psychopharmacology.

Radiation Oncology

Cancer treatment planning using radiotherapy, brachytherapy and related techniques.

Radio Diagnosis

Diagnostic imaging — X-ray, ultrasound, CT and MRI interpretation.

Respiratory Medicine

Pulmonology — asthma, COPD, tuberculosis and other respiratory disease management.